Mishlei 20-19
Confidentiality
Key Concepts
As we have seen in Mishlei 11-13, information can cause great harm if disclosed recklessly. For this reason, Mishlei encourages us to avoid contact with people who are careless about how they use information that comes to their attention.
Mishlei identifies three types of people who fit in this general category: (1) people who are known to reveal confidential information, (2) people who like to spread gossip, and (3) people who are known to be talkative. Any of these people who become aware of potentially harmful information cannot be trusted to restrain themselves from sharing it when the opportunity arises.
Exploring Mishlei
יט = גּוֹלֶה סּוֹד הוֹלֵךְ רָכִיל וּלְפֹתֶה שְׂפָתָיו לֹא תִתְעָרָב
(19) Do not mix with a person who reveals secrets,
spreads gossip, or is generally talkative
In this proverb, Mishlei identifies three types of people are liable to disclose information that should be kept private: (1) people who are known to reveal confidential information, (2) people like to spread gossip and in the course of doing so, they reveal critical secrets, and (3) loose talkers (people who are known to be talkative) and because they talk so much, important secrets are likely to leak out.. Any of these people who become aware of potentially harmful information cannot be trusted to restrain themselves from sharing it when the opportunity arises.
Learning Mishlei
(19) A revealer of secrets — גּוֹלֶה סּוֹד
a gossip monger, — הוֹלֵךְ רָכִיל
or a loose talker — וּלְפֹתֶה שְׂפָתָיו
Don’t mix with these people. — לֹא תִתְעָרָב.
to avoid losing critical information at their hands.
Additional Insights
[1] Ultimately any of the three types of suspect people are likely to reveal important secrets and this may give away strategic plans, especially those provided by counsel. (מלבי”ם)
[2] The revealer of secrets (גולה סוד) has such a tremendous urge to tell what he knows that he cannot restrain himself. (מצודות)
[3] The tale bearer may be revealing secrets which he includes in his string of tales intentionally (מצודות)
[4] A simpleton may reveal secrets in innocence because he doesn’t realize therir significance. (מצודות)
[5] The loose talker is a person who has a habit of not thinking before he speaks (רבינו יונה)
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